Diet plays a crucial role in shaping the human gut microbiota, as it provides a major nutrient source in the form of non-digestible carbohydrates (dietary fibre). Its microbial breakdown results in the formation of short-chain fatty acids which promote human health via several physiological and immunological routes. There is an urgent need to better understand the microbial metabolism of complex whole plant-based dietary fibre for the development of efficient nutritional strategies to improve health.

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